What did Mendel's experiments help establish in the field of biology?

What did Mendel's experiments help establish in the field of biology?

• A. The theory of evolution
• B. The laws of inheritance
• C. The structure of DNA
• D. The principles of ecology

Answer: (B)

Mendel's experiments, particularly those involving pea plants, laid the foundation for the laws of inheritance, which describe how traits are passed from parents to offspring. Through meticulous cross-breeding and observation of traits such as seed color and shape, Mendel developed key concepts such as dominant and recessive alleles. His findings led to the formulation of what we now call Mendel's laws of segregation and independent assortment, which explain how genetic variation occurs during reproduction. By quantifying traits and establishing predictable patterns, Mendel's work was pivotal in introducing the principles of genetics, setting the stage for modern genetics and our understanding of heredity.

Mendel's experiments, particularly those involving pea plants, laid the foundation for the laws of inheritance, which describe how traits are passed from parents to offspring. Through meticulous cross-breeding and observation of traits such as seed color and shape, Mendel developed key concepts such as dominant and recessive alleles. His findings led to the formulation of what we now call Mendel's laws of segregation and independent assortment, which explain how genetic variation occurs during reproduction. By quantifying traits and establishing predictable patterns, Mendel's work was pivotal in introducing the principles of genetics, setting the stage for modern genetics and our understanding of heredity.