What is the process of spore formation in fungi and some plants called?

Sporulation is the specific process through which spores are produced in fungi and some plants. This method of reproduction allows these organisms to create a large number of spores that can be dispersed into the environment, typically in response to specific environmental conditions. Spores serve a variety of functions, including survival in adverse conditions or a mechanism for reproduction. During sporulation, specialized cells undergo divisions and developmental changes to form these spores, which can later germinate into new individuals when conditions are favorable.

In contrast, fission generally refers to asexual reproduction by cell division in single-celled organisms, such as bacteria. Reproduction is a broad term that encompasses various methods of producing offspring, including both sexual and asexual processes. Germination refers specifically to the growth process that occurs when a seed or spore begins to develop into a new organism, which is different from the actual formation of the spores themselves. Consequently, sporulation is the most accurate term for the process in question.