What structure surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell?

The cell wall is the structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell, particularly in plant cells, fungi, and some bacteria. It is composed mainly of cellulose in plants, providing rigidity and strength, and helping to maintain the shape of the cell. This support is crucial, especially in plant cells, as it helps them withstand various environmental pressures and prevents them from bursting in hypotonic solutions.

In contrast, the cell membrane, which is also a part of the answer options, is a semi-permeable barrier that controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell but does not provide structural support. The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein and lipid synthesis, while lysosomes contain enzymes for digestion; neither offers support to the cell structurally. Thus, the cell wall's main role in providing external support distinguishes it as the correct answer.