What term refers to the body’s use of food for energy production, tissue growth, and repair?

The term that describes the body's use of food for energy production, tissue growth, and repair is metabolism. Metabolism encompasses the entire set of chemical reactions that occur in the body to convert food into energy, synthesize necessary compounds, and break down substances for elimination. It includes two main components: catabolism, which is the breakdown of molecules to generate energy, and anabolism, which involves the building up of components like proteins and nucleic acids for tissue growth and repair.

Understanding metabolism is crucial because it highlights how the body transforms the nutrients obtained from food into fuel for physical activities, maintains cellular functions, and supports overall health and recovery processes. This concept not only integrates energy use but also encompasses the intricate balancing act that allows organisms to thrive and repair damaged tissues effectively.