What type of bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms?

What type of bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms?

• A. Ionic bond
• B. Covalent bond
• C. Hydrogen bond
• D. Metallic bond

Answer: (B)

The type of bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms is known as a covalent bond. In a covalent bond, two atoms come together and share one or more pairs of electrons, allowing each atom to achieve a more stable electron configuration, often reaching a full outer shell. This electron sharing typically occurs between nonmetals, where neither atom has a strong enough tendency to fully transfer electrons as seen in ionic bonds. For example, in a water molecule (H₂O), each hydrogen atom shares an electron with the oxygen atom, resulting in a stable arrangement. This sharing of electrons allows both the hydrogen and oxygen atoms to achieve a filled outer shell configuration, which is energetically favorable. The other types of bonds listed—ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds, and metallic bonds—function differently: - Ionic bonds involve the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another, resulting in the formation of charged ions. - Hydrogen bonds are a type of weak electrostatic attraction that occurs between a hydrogen atom bonded to a strongly electronegative atom and another electronegative atom. - Metallic bonds involve a "sea of electrons" that are shared among many nuclei, allowing for conductivity and malleability in metals. Understanding the nature of covalent bonds

The type of bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms is known as a covalent bond. In a covalent bond, two atoms come together and share one or more pairs of electrons, allowing each atom to achieve a more stable electron configuration, often reaching a full outer shell. This electron sharing typically occurs between nonmetals, where neither atom has a strong enough tendency to fully transfer electrons as seen in ionic bonds.

For example, in a water molecule (H₂O), each hydrogen atom shares an electron with the oxygen atom, resulting in a stable arrangement. This sharing of electrons allows both the hydrogen and oxygen atoms to achieve a filled outer shell configuration, which is energetically favorable.

The other types of bonds listed—ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds, and metallic bonds—function differently:

• Ionic bonds involve the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another, resulting in the formation of charged ions.

• Hydrogen bonds are a type of weak electrostatic attraction that occurs between a hydrogen atom bonded to a strongly electronegative atom and another electronegative atom.

• Metallic bonds involve a "sea of electrons" that are shared among many nuclei, allowing for conductivity and malleability in metals.

Understanding the nature of covalent bonds